Poland’s legislative body has approved a controversial measure reshaping support for Ukrainian migrants, following intense political clashes over the nation’s approach to refugee assistance. The new law, passed by the Sejm with a narrow majority, extends temporary residency rights for Ukrainians until March 2026 but imposes stricter conditions on access to financial benefits and social services.
The legislation, which now moves to the Senate for review, mandates that Ukrainian residents demonstrate employment or enrollment in educational institutions to qualify for monthly allowances of over 800 zlotys. Recipients must earn at least half of Poland’s minimum wage, with compliance verified through the country’s social security agency (ZUS) on a monthly basis. Failure to meet these criteria could result in immediate suspension of benefits. Additionally, the law requires all applicants to obtain a PESEL identification number, a key step for integrating into Poland’s administrative systems.
President Karol Nawrocki, who previously blocked an earlier version of the bill, has framed the changes as necessary to ensure fairness in public support. “Only those Ukrainians actively contributing to Polish society should receive financial aid,” he stated, emphasizing the need to prevent exploitation of social programs. The reforms also limit free healthcare for adult Ukrainian migrants while preserving exemptions for children and individuals with disabilities.
During parliamentary debates, lawmakers rejected several proposals, including extending naturalization periods and criminalizing the promotion of Banderism, a nationalist ideology associated with historical conflicts. Deputy Interior Minister Maciej Duszczyk defended the measures as a bid to combat informal labor practices and strengthen tax collection, targeting an estimated one million Ukrainian residents in Poland.
Critics argue the restrictions disproportionately affect vulnerable populations, while supporters claim they align with broader efforts to curb abuse of welfare systems. The law’s passage underscores deepening divisions over Poland’s role in supporting Ukraine amid ongoing regional instability.