Iceland has voted against reopening European Union accession negotiations, with opponents emphasizing sovereignty and control over the nation’s fisheries.

In a deeply divisive referendum, voters rejected the government’s proposal to restart EU membership discussions by a margin of 52.8 percent to 47.2 percent. While Reykjavík residents favored reinitiating talks, rural areas strongly opposed the move.

A majority “yes” vote would have led to a negotiated agreement being put to a second referendum for Icelandic citizens to accept or reject. The debate gained heightened significance following U.S. President Donald Trump’s Arctic rhetoric, yet concerns over potential loss of control over fisheries and erosion of national identity ultimately prevailed.

Eiríkur Bergmann, professor of politics at Iceland’s Bifröst University, stated: “The ‘No’ side succeeded because it tapped into the most fundamental driver of Icelandic national identity: the demand for absolute self-governance. This is inextricably linked to control over natural resources and fisheries, which forms the very heart of the Icelandic understanding of sovereignty.”

Despite fishing’s declining share of Iceland’s broader economy, seafood remains a major export industry. Icelandic Prime Minister Kristrún Frostadóttir declared that the matter would not progress under her government.

The decision drew swift attention from anti-EU leaders. French far-right leader Marine Le Pen stated: “At a time when some are pushing for greater federalism and the transfer of sovereignty to the European Commission, this vote reminds us that another Europe is possible—a Europe of free, sovereign nations cooperating voluntarily on matters of common interest.”

Reform UK leader Nigel Farage congratulated Iceland on voting to preserve independence.

Iceland’s government had previously framed its membership plan as a “now or never” opportunity, with Kristrún telling voters earlier in August that a no vote would end all EU speculation. On Sunday, she told RUV the vote should not leave the nation divided.

Speaking at public meetings nationwide during the final weeks of campaigning, Kristrún said: “I don’t experience this as hurt. I know some people have been in a state of shock, but now I’ve sat with a large group of people across the country and people are completely open to different outcomes.” She acknowledged rural residents’ concerns about potential impacts on agriculture, fisheries, and natural resources should Iceland join the EU: “I promise we will handle these issues well and keep these concerns in mind.”