Virginia’s Democratic lawmakers advanced a constitutional amendment allowing the state legislature to redraw congressional districts ahead of the 2026 midterm elections, sparking immediate legal challenges from Republican leaders. The proposal, passed by the House of Delegates in a 51-42 vote, would enable Virginia to adjust its congressional map if another state alters its boundaries for political reasons outside the standard decennial redistricting process.

The amendment now moves to the state Senate, where it is expected to secure approval given Democratic majorities in both chambers. If enacted, it would grant lawmakers a limited window—until October 31, 2030—to redraw districts in response to midcycle changes by other states. The measure requires voter approval to take effect.

Republican leaders condemned the plan, arguing it bypasses proper constitutional procedures. Virginia Attorney General Jason Miyares called the effort illegal, stating lawmakers lacked authority to act so close to an election. “This is not the proper procedure,” Miyares said, vowing to challenge the amendment in court.

Democrats defended the measure as a safeguard against partisan gerrymandering by Republican-led states. Del. Rodney Willett, the amendment’s sponsor, claimed it preserves Virginia’s independent redistricting commission while providing flexibility to respond to “extraordinary circumstances.” He emphasized the proposal does not overhaul the state’s decennial redistricting schedule but offers an emergency option.

The current congressional delegation includes six Democrats and five Republicans. Critics warn the plan could enable partisan manipulation to shift representation, though supporters argue it ensures fairness amid national trends of midcycle map adjustments.